Affordability of healthy food in the district of Juliaca Peru, 2025

Abstract

The affordability of healthy foods is a key factor in ensuring balanced and sustainable diets, especially in contexts of economic constraints. This study aimed to evaluate the affordability of healthy foods in the Juliaca district by analyzing the relationship between cost, energy density, and nutrient density. The research was conducted using a quantitative and descriptive approach, employing non-probability sampling applied to a representative retail outlet in the district. Information on prices and nutritional composition of foods, grouped into different food categories, was collected. The Peruvian Food Composition Table and nutritional information from packaging were used for the nutritional analysis, while nutritional quality was assessed using the Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF9.3). The results show that vegetables, legumes, tubers, and roots offer a better nutritional-to-cost ratio and higher nutrient density. In contrast, foods of animal origin, ultra-processed products, and sugary foods show lower nutritional efficiency and a higher relative cost. It is concluded that Juliaca has a significant supply of nutritious and affordable food.